IMPORTANT PORTION OF SYLLABUS (UPSC, NDA, CDSE)

If you note, right from 2011, questions from some areas have been constants in this exam, i.e. they keep coming year after year or every alternate year. Some of these include:-

Alternative energy sources and materials (e.g. H-CNG, bio-fuels, shale gas, photovoltaics, fly ash)


Bio-technology – Hybridization, new developments such as DNA (genetic) engineering/alteration techniques (CRISPR, RNAi)


Use of important microorganisms (e.g. blue-green algae), symbiotics etc.


Nano-technology and developments – e.g. Carbon nanotubes
Astrophysics (e.g. neutron stars, gravitational waves, black holes),


Higher physics (e.g. general theory of relativity), space-missions
Polar regions – Issues, bodies and treaties related to Arctic and Antarctica,


 New developments such as seed vault
Diseases in India – Outbreaks, pandemics, eradicated diseases, WHO or MoHFW guidelines
Patents (issues and developments) – Evergreening, Patents Act, IPAB, WIPO
Emerging technologies (especially communication)– Li-Fi, Wearable technologies, Internet of Things etc.


New Banking regulations/developments – For e.g. Banking correspondents, payments bank, Core Banking Solutions etc.


Planning in India– for e.g. objectives of 12th Plan, goals of other FYPs, bodies related to planning, Finance Commission


Agricultural policy in India – Pricing and issues related, major missions and initiatives, regulation of agricultural markets


Wetlands – Conventions, wetlands in India, benefits and issues
Biodiversity/National parks

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